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Anglo-American Cataloguing Rule Interpretations
Chapter 25: Uniform Titles
Contents:
- 25.0 - Introduction
- 25.1 - Guidelines for the Application of Uniform Title to Works with Identical Titles Proper
- 25.2A - General rule
- 25.5 - Additions
- 25.5A1 - Additions to uniform titles
- 25.5B - Conflict resolution
- 25.5D - Additions to uniform titles
- 25.6A - One part
- 25.8 - 25.12 - Collective titles
- 25.15A1 - Collections of Laws
- 25.15A1 - Collections of Regulations
- 25.15A2 - Single laws, etc.
- 25.18C - Mishnah and Tosefta
- 25.29A1 - Initial title elements consisting solely of the name of one type of composition
- 25.30B3 - Standard combinations of instruments
- 25.30B4 - Individual instruments
Chapter 25 - Introduction (voir en français)
Subject to the provisions detailed below, all uniform titles listed in Canadiana from January 1988 onward will be formulated according to Chapter 25 of AACR 2R. When used in new listings, uniform titles established previously under AACR 1 or AACR 2 will be revised, if necessary, to conform with AACR 2R.
Uniform titles will be assigned, where applicable, to the following categories of works:
- - Translations of Canadian literary works;
- - Music (parts, scores, etc., including liturgical music);
- - Laws (treaties, constitutions, acts, etc.);
- - Works and collections of works by prolific authors;
- - Liturgical works;
- - Early anonymous chronicles and literary works;
- - Early collections entered under title.
For details see 25.1 Guidelines for the Application of Uniform Titles to Works with Identical Titles Proper.
25.1 - Guidelines for the Application of Uniform Titles to Works with Identical Titles Proper (voir en français)
Contents:
- I. Use of Uniform Titles
- II. Structure of the Uniform Title
- III. Choice of Qualifying Term
- IV. Form of Qualifying Term
- V. Additions to Uniform Titles
- VI. Changes in Uniform Titles
CONSER standard record practice: Effective February 1, 2007, apply these guidelines only to:
a) serials with generic titles,
b) newspapers,
c) monographic series, and
d) serials that are not translations or language editions of the same work, for purposes of collocating as opposed to distinguishing
In addition to organizing the file, rule 25.1A of AACR 2R defines the following uses for uniform titles:
- to bring together all the catalogue entries for a work when various manifestations (e.g. editions, translations) of it have appeared under various titles;
- to provide identification for a work when the title by which it is known differs from the title proper of the item being catalogued; and
- to differentiate between two or more works published under identical titles proper.
The decision whether to use a uniform title for this third purpose will be based on:
a) how many works with the same title proper are entered in the catalogue;
b) whether the main entry is under title;
c) whether there are related or analytical entries in the catalogue that are to be linked to the work by means of either an added entry or a citation within the related entry.
Uniform titles will be used to resolve or anticipate conflicts of entry between works with identical titles proper as provided for below, as long as both bibliographic records are created at the same time. When a title proper conflict between a new and an existing record is identified, create a uniform title for the new record only. Generally, do not add a uniform title to the existing record regardless of whether the existing record is formulated under AA1, AACR 2 or AACR 2R rules.
Serials (including traced monographic series)
a) For serials entered under title, construct a uniform title heading if the title proper for the work is identical to the title proper for another work in the catalogue, regardless of whether the other title proper is used as a main entry or only as an added entry. Also construct a uniform title when a serial becomes an integrating resource (or vice versa) but does not change its title proper.
- The Citizen ... Ottawa
The Citizen ... Vancouver
If the title proper consists solely of a term or terms (other than articles, prepositions, and conjunctions) which indicate no more than the type of publication and/or its periodicity, establish a uniform title for serials regardless of whether there is another work in the catalogue with the same title proper.
- Publications series
- Monograph series / Faculty of Social Work,
University of Toronto
b) For serials entered under person or corporate body, construct a uniform title (filing title) only if the title proper for the work is identical to the title proper for another work in the catalogue entered under the same heading. Also construct a uniform title when a serial becomes an integrating resource (or vice versa) but does not change its title proper.
- American Type Culture Collection
Annual report ... 1962-1972
- American Type Culture Collection
Annual report ... 1975.
c) Republications. When a serial is republished (as a text, as a microform, as large print, as a Braille edition, etc.), do not use a uniform title to distinguish one of these republications from the original. If the original itself has a uniform title, use the same uniform title for the republication.
- Print version
Ottawa citizen (1986)
The Ottawa citizen
- Microfilm version
Ottawa citizen (1986)
The Ottawa citizen[microform]
Note: The following are not considered to be republications; treat them as separate works and construct uniform titles as appropriate:
- electronic version of a print serial
- microform version of an electronic serial
- Print version
Travel-log
- Online version
Travel-log (Online)
Travel-log [electronic resource]
- Online version
Canada. Parliament. House of Commons.
Sub-Committee on Human Rights and
International Development
[Evidence (Online)]
Evidence [electronic resource]
- Microfiche version
Canada. Parliament. House of Commons.
Sub-Committee on Human Rights and
International Development
[Evidence (Microfiche)]
Evidence [microform]
- Online version
Bulletin (Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics : Online). English
Bulletin [electronic resource]
- Microfiche version
Bulletin (Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics : Microfiche). English
Bulletin [microform]
d) Changes in physical format. When a serial changes its physical format and the original format is no longer being issued, use a uniform title to distinguish one from the other. Add a uniform title with the specific material designation (e.g., microfiche) as qualifier to the bibliographic record of the new format.
Monographs (including sound recordings and audiovisual materials)
a) For monographs entered under title, construct a uniform title heading only if the title proper for the work is identical to the title proper for another work in the catalogue, and one or other of the works is cited by means of a formal note and/or added entry in a record for another work or part of the same work.
b) For monographs entered under person or corporate body, construct a uniform title (filing title) only if the title proper for the work is identical to the title proper for another work in the catalogue entered under the same heading, and one or other of the works is cited by means of a formal note and/or added entry in a record for another work or part of the same work.
Apply the guidelines at Monographs (including sound recordings and audiovisual materials) also to integrating resources. Also construct a uniform title when a serial becomes an integrating resource (or vice versa) but does not change its title proper.
II. Structure of the Uniform Title
To differentiate two works with identical titles proper, construct for each a uniform title using the title proper for the work, followed by a qualifying term and/or addition as instructed under III. Choice of Qualifying Term, IV. Form of Qualifying Term and V. Additions to Uniform Titles below. Omit an initial article unless the uniform title is to file under that article (see rule 25.2C1).
Note that in certain cases involving items with identical titles proper, one (or perhaps both) of the items will belong to a group consisting of various manifestations (editions, translations, etc.) of a single work that requires a uniform title based on the title used in reference sources, the title of the original edition, a collective title, an official short title or citation title, etc. (see rules 25.3-25.4; 25.8-25.35). In such cases, construct a uniform title using the title called for in the applicable rule rather than the title proper on the item itself. Make additions to the uniform title for individual entries within the group, as necessary, to distinguish one language edition, etc., of the work from another.
If the work is entered under title, give the uniform title as the heading for the entry. If the work is entered under a heading for a person or corporate body, place the uniform title between the name heading and the title proper.
III. Choice of Qualifying Term
The term used to qualify the title proper will be selected according to the following order of preference:
- Place
- Corporate body
- Date
- Multiple qualifiers
- Edition statement, other title information, etc.
The following criteria should be applied in determining which category of qualifying term is to be used:
1) Place of publication
- Prefer place of publication as the qualifying term, unless one of the three conditions noted under 2) Corporate body below applies.
- Arrow (Montréal, Québec)
Arrow (Castlegar, B.C.)
- Transactions of the Illuminating Engineering
Society (London, England) - Transactions of the Illuminating Engineering
Society (New York, N.Y.)
- If the work is published in more than one place, choose as the qualifying term the place named first in the publication, distribution, etc., area.
- Prefer as the qualifying term the name of the corporate body with which the work originated or by which it was issued or published if any of the following conditions apply:
- a) main entry is under title and the title proper consists solely of a term or terms (other than articles, prepositions, and conjunctions) which indicate no more than the type of publication, or its periodicity;
- Bulletin
- Communiqué
- Quarterly report
- Technical report
- or
- b) main entry is under title and the title includes an initialism, acronym or other abbreviated form of the issuing body's name;
- AIJ proceedings (American Institute of
Journalists) - AIJ proceedings (Association of Iron Joiners)
- or
- c) main entry is under title and the addition of place as a qualifying term is inadequate to resolve the conflict because another work with the same title was published in the same place.
- Contact (Toronto Nutrition Committee)
Contact (Real Estate Institute of Canada)
(Both works published in Toronto)
- If in such a case the use of corporate body as a qualifying term is inappropriate or inadequate, the date of publication or the date of coverage of the first issue may be used as the qualifying term, notwithstanding the conditions enumerated in 3) Date below.
- If more than one corporate body is associated with the work, choose as the qualifying term the name of the principal body according to the following order of preference:
- (i) the first named in the statement of responsibility;
- (ii) the first named in the publication, distribution, etc., area;
- (iii) the first named in the issuing body note.
- In case of doubt as to whether the criteria above are applicable, choose place of publication (see 1) Place of publication above) or other terms (see 3) Date, 4) Multiple qualifiers and 5) Edition statement, other title information, etc. below) as the qualifying element.
- Prefer the date of coverage of the first issue if all of the following conditions are met:
- - the work has resumed publication under a title used previously and an intervening title change has occurred;
- - the issuing body is the same and has not changed its name;
- - no other conflict exists with an identical title proper (and a different issuing body).
- British Columbia Ministry of Education.
[Annual report (1977)] - British Columbia. Ministry of Education.
[Annual report (1980)] - (Published in 1979 by:
British Columbia. Ministry of Education,
Science and Technology)
- High River times (1905)
High River times (1982)
(Published 1976-1982 under title:
Times (High River, Alta.)
- If the date of coverage of the first issue is unknown, use the date of the first issue or part of the publication that is available. If the first issue covers more than one year use the last named date. If necessary, add month or month and day to distinguish between two titles issued in the same year.
- If the addition of place, corporate body, or date alone is inadequate as a qualifying term prefer as the qualifying term a combination of either place and date or corporate body and date following the general criteria for choosing these elements in 1) Place of publication, 2) Corporate body and 3) Date above.
- Bulletin (Canadian Association of Medical Record
Librarians : 1944) - Bulletin (Canadian Association of Medical Record
Librarians : 1971) - (Published between 1968 and 1971 under title:
CAMRL newsletter)
5) Edition statement, other title information, etc.
- If none of the qualifiers listed above (in 1) Place of publication, 2) Corporate body, 3) Date, 4) Multiple qualifiers) is adequate, choose as the qualifying term any element or combination of elements extracted from the description of the work which will serve to distinguish it from other works entered under the same title or other works with the same title proper entered under the same heading.
- Bakeries (Statistics Canada : Preliminary)
Bakeries (Statistics Canada : Final)
- Canada (English edition)
Canada (Édition française)
Generally avoid use of the terms "print" and "text" as qualifiers. To resolve conflict between two separate headings for the same title published in multiple physical media, add a qualifier to the heading of the physical medium that is not printed text on paper. If necessary, assign a qualifier to an already existing heading. See also Republications.
All qualifying terms, including combinations of terms, are to be enclosed in parentheses, using a space-colon-space to separate terms of a different type.
- Sludge (New York, N.Y. : 1965)
Names of corporate bodies used as qualifying terms are to be recorded in catalogue entry form, retaining all marks of punctuation internal to the heading, including parentheses.
- Newsletter (Change (Organization))
Place names used as qualifying terms are to be recorded in the form prescribed for use as additions to headings (see rule interpretation 24.4C3).
- Transactions of the Illuminating Engineering
Society (London, England)
V. Additions to Uniform Titles
If it is necessary to distinguish between two or more versions of the same work in different languages, and the language is not named explicitly in an "edition" statement which can be used as a qualifying term, add the name of the language, in English, following the title or title and qualifier. Separate the language addition from the preceding element by a full stop.
- Dialogue (Montréal, Québec : 1962). English
Dialogue (Montréal, Québec : 1962). French
- Standards forumupdate. English
Standards forumupdate. French
- Northeastern Regional Library System (Ont.)
[Mailbox. English]
- Northeastern Regional Library System (Ont.)
[Mailbox. French]
- Etc. (Markham, Ont.). English & French
For serials, when the name of a corporate body is used as a qualifying term in the uniform title, and the name of that body changes, or the body's responsibilities for the publication are assumed by another body, a new record (successive entry) must be created, using the new form of name (or the name of the body newly responsible) as the qualifying term in the uniform title. Relate the two records by means of a linking entry note, citing each in uniform title form. For integrating resources with change(s) in body(ies) responsible for the work, see 21.3B1b.
If place of publication is used as a qualifying term, and there is a change in the form of name for the place or in the place itself, do not change the uniform title. Do not create a new entry unless a change in title proper has occurred as well (see 21.2). A note may be added to the record indicating that a change in place of publication has occurred.
If any other element or combination of elements is used as a qualifying term, and there is a change in the form or wording of that element, do not change the uniform title. Do not create a new entry unless a change in title proper has occurred as well (see 21.2).
For multipart monographs, when the name of a corporate body is used as a qualifying term, and the function performed by that body is subsequently taken over by another body whose name predominates in later parts of the monograph, neither revise the uniform title by substituting the name of the second body for that of the first nor create a new record. A note may be added to the record indicating that a change in corporate name has occurred.
25.2A - General rule (voir en français)
Option
Apply the option, omitting square brackets from uniform titles used as main entry headings.
Interpretation
Add accents as appropriate to French capital letters when it is certain that they are integral to a name but have been omitted in the source from which the name is taken. Add accents when creating a new heading or when revising an already established heading. Do not revise a heading for the sole purpose of adding accents.
When establishing a uniform title from information presented in roman script, record the letters as they are given, except as follows:
- Convert earlier forms of letters to their modern form;
- For items published after 1820, convert "v" to "u", "vv" to "w" and "i" to "j" as necessary to reflect modern usage.
Follow the same guidelines for recording additions to uniform titles.
25.5 - Additions (voir en français)
For details on additions to uniform titles see Guidelines for the Application of Uniform Titles to Works with Identical Titles Proper.
25.5A1 - Additions to uniform titles (voir en français)
Decision
In the heading for a radio or television program continue to add to the name the qualifier "(Radio program)" or "(Television program)" in all cases.
25.5B - Conflict resolution (voir en français)
For details on additions to uniform titles see Guidelines for the Application of Uniform Titles to Works with Identical Titles Proper.
25.5D - Additions to uniform titles (voir en français)
Option
Do not add general material designations to uniform titles.
25.6A - One part (voir en français)
Guidelines
Note that the rule for independent entry of part titles is to be applied when "a separately cataloged part of a work has a title of its own". A part cannot be said to have "a title of its own" when apart from the title common to the work as a whole it bears only a dependent designation, for example:
- an alphabetical or numerical subdivision ("part 1", "part 2"; "A", "B"; etc.);
- a chronological subdivision ("from 1918 to 1935", "from 1936 to the present"; "14th century", "15th century"; "early times", "present day"; etc.);
- a geographical subdivision ("Halton County", "New Brunswick", "the prairies", "the mountains"; etc.);
- a phrase that omits an essential piece of information found in the collective title ("teeth", "fossilized footprints", etc., when collective title is "Dinosaur relics"; "changes of state", "surfaces", etc., when collective title is "Treatise on solid state chemistry");
- a general term such as "atlas", "glossary", "index", "preface", "plates", etc.
25.8 - 25.12 - Collective titles (voir en français)
Interpretation
If it is necessary to provide a more precise subarrangement of works under one heading than can be achieved through the use of a simple collective title such as "Works", "Poems", etc., use as an addition to the collective term a further designation such as title proper or a shortened version of the title, editor, translator, compiler, publishers, etc. The most appropriate designation is selected in each case and no specific order of selection is applied. Such additions should be made in all cases where a secondary added entry for the works in question is used with the entry for a related work and the same collective title has been used for more than one work under the same name heading.
- Maugham, W. Somerset (William Somerset), 1874-1965.
[Short stories (Heinemann)]
Complete short stories...
25.15A1 - Collections of Laws (voir en français)
Interpretation
Use "Laws, etc." also for parts of collections to which "Laws, etc." has been assigned, unless the part constitutes a subject compilation and has a citation title of its own. In the latter case, use the citation title of the part as the uniform title; generally, DO NOT make any further addition to the citation title when used as a uniform title (see also 25.5C).
- Canada
[Criminal code]
- not
- Canada
[Criminal code (Milligan)]
If it is necessary to provide a more precise subarrangement of works under the heading for one jurisdiction than can be achieved through the use of the collective title "Laws, etc.", use as an addition to the collective term a further designation such as title proper or a shortened version of the title, editor, translator, compiler, publisher, etc. The most appropriate designation is selected in each case and no specific order of selection is applied. Such additions should be made in all cases where a secondary added entry for the collection is used with the entry for a related work and the collective title "Laws, etc." has been used for more than one work under the heading for the same jurisdiction.
-
Ontario
[Laws, etc. (Statutes, 1974 - 1975)] - Statutes of the province of
Ontario passed in the session...
Serial examples:
- Canada
[Laws, etc. (Consolidated - statutes and regulations)]
- Consolidated statutes and regulations =
Lois et règlements codifiés
- Canada
[Laws, etc. (Consolidated - statutes and regulations of Canada)]
- Consolidated statutes and regulations
of Canada = Lois et règlements codifiés
du Canada
- Canada
[Laws, etc. (Reference series database)] - Reference series database = Série de
référence, la base de données de Qualisult
25.15A1 - Collections of Regulations (voir en français)
Interpretation
Include within the scope of "legislative enactments" administrative regulations that fall under the provisions of rule 21.32B.
For collections of regulations as covered under 21.32B deriving from more than one law enacted within the same jurisdiction, add to the uniform title the term "Regulations".
- Northwest Territories
[Laws, etc. Regulations] - Revised regulations of the Northwest
Territories, 1980 : a consolidation ....
If it is necessary to provide a more precise subarrangement of collections of regulations under the heading for one jurisdiction, interpose between "Laws, etc." and "Regulations" a further designation based on the title, etc. If the scope of the collection of regulations coincides with the scope of a published collection of laws, choose as the designation for the regulations the same term as chosen for the laws.
- Ontario
[Laws, etc. (Statutes, 1974-1975). - Regulations]
25.15A2 - Single laws, etc. (voir en français)
Interpretation
Include within the scope of "single legislative enactment" administrative regulations that fall under the provisions of 21.32B and derive from a single law.
Use as the uniform title for administrative regulations as covered under 21.32B deriving from a single law the uniform title for the law followed by the term "Regulations".
- British Columbia
[Health Act. Regulations]
25.18C - Mishnah and Tosefta (voir en français)
Decision
The title of the rule, the text, and the examples do not conform to the general rule (25.17) which requires that the uniform title selected be that which predominates in general reference sources.
The French forms of names generally used in reference sources are "Mishna" and "Tosefta". These forms will be used by Library and Archives Canada.
Interpretation
For the principal parts of this work of scripture, use the French form of name as found in general reference sources as prescribed by general rule 25.17 (e.g. Universalis, Grand Larousse, etc.). When the parts are not identified in general references sources, use the transliteration tables appropriate to the language.
25.29A1 - Initial title elements consisting solely of the name of one type of composition (voir en français)
Guidelines
Rule 25.27A1, footnote 9 lists three categories of titles that are to be treated as "titles consisting solely of the name of one type of composition":
- titles that consist of a name of a form;
- titles that consist of a name of a genre;
- titles that consist of a generic term frequently used by different composers.
The third category (and the third category only) should be evaluated with the final sentence of the footnote in mind also. This will be particularly true when the common term in question is accompanied by some modifier other than a medium or a numeral. One should consider that all modifiers other than a medium or a numeral make the phrase a distinctive title - no matter how common sounding it is. For example "Piece" is a generic term frequently used by different composers, but "Concert piece", "Little piece", etc., are considered distinctive titles.
25.30B3 - Standard combinations of instruments (voir en français)
Guidelines
Giving a "full statement of medium" according to the last paragraph does not mean that one ignores the terms for groups of instruments in 25.30B5 and their prescribed use in 25.30B2(c).
- [Quintets, piano, woodwinds, horn,
K. 452, E major]
- not
- [Quintets, piano, oboe, clarinet,
horn, bassoon, K. 452, E. major]
25.30B4 - Individual instruments (voir en français)
Decision
Use the following instrument names: violoncello, English horn, contrabassoon and timpani.
